Etienne Balibar, a French philosopher, believed that the concepts of "Liberty" and "equality" are two sides of the same coin, and that one cannot exist without the other. He maintains that these two principles are inseparable and mutually reinforcing, and rejects any notion of a dichotomy or opposition between liberty and equality. Balibar argues that true liberation is only possible when people have equal access to freedom and the ability to shape their lives according to their desires.
Balibar's concept of freedom centers on liberating individuals from oppressive structures, ideologies, and institutions that limit their potential. This release is not only a negative concept of freedom from constraints, but also involves a positive affirmation of agency and the ability to participate fully in society. In this context, Balibar coined the term "Equalliberty", which emphasizes that true freedom cannot be achieved unless it is accompanied by a commitment to equality.
Equality, according to Balibar, is not just an abstract principle or a formal legal framework. It requires active efforts to address and correct social, economic, and political inequality. Without substantive equality, the promise of freedom remains hollow for those who lack access to basic resources, opportunities, and rights. In other words, equality calls for a reimagining of freedom that takes into account the socioeconomic conditions necessary for individuals to truly exercise their agency.
Balibar emphasizes the importance of the state and collective action in the pursuit of equality. While freedom is often associated with individualism, Balibar argues that true freedom can only be secured through collective efforts. The state has a crucial role in maintaining and promoting equality by ensuring the provision of public goods, social safety nets, and opportunities for all citizens.
Balibar's vision of equality also emphasizes the significance of social movements and collective struggles in promoting emancipation and equality. Popular activism and solidarity are essential to challenge existing power structures and push for progressive change. Balibar sees social movements as critical agents of change, working to dismantle oppressive systems and strive for a more just and equal society.
