Walter Benjamin's "The Task of the Translator" offers his view on translation not merely as a task of reproducing content or transferring meaning from one language to another but as a means to delve into the profound connection and relationship that exists between languages.
Benjamin argues that the true endeavor in translation is not to create a mere replica of the original but to generate an "echo" of it in the target language. This echo seeks to capture and convey the intrinsic essence of the original text, while simultaneously allowing the translator's individual style to shine through. Such an approach emphasizes the significance of the intention and nuances that reside behind words, beyond their literal meanings.
Furthermore, Benjamin draws a clear distinction between the content or subject matter of a piece of work and its mode of expression. While content might be what a text says, its mode of expression is how it says it. He postulates that translations serve as a bridge, addressing and compensating for the inherent limitations of languages in communicating pure, unadulterated meaning.
One of Benjamin's most potent arguments revolves around the delicate balance between fidelity and freedom in translation. He firmly believes in maintaining unwavering fidelity to the original text's structure and literal nuances. Yet, he also advocates for the translator's freedom, ensuring that the translation carries its distinct force and intention. This balance, according to Benjamin, results in the emergence of a "pure language" – a conceptual, almost ethereal language that transcends the barriers of linguistics, culture, and individual expression.
This ideal translation, in Benjamin's vision, is not a mere reflection but a luminescent medium that allows the brilliance of this pure language to radiate, illuminating both the original and its translation. This pure language is not bound by the constraints of semantics or grammar but encapsulates the soul and spirit of linguistic expression.
In summary, Walter Benjamin perceives translation as a noble endeavor, one that intricately weaves the tapestry of languages, drawing threads from both fidelity to the original and the freedom to reinterpret. Through this lens, translation becomes a transformative act, reshaping both the original and its translated counterpart, and in the process, celebrating the profound relationships and bridges between languages.